The Power of Gifting in Your Financial Plan

Written by Tom Mullen

How strategic lifetime giving can reduce estate taxes and create meaningful impact for your family

Did you know that in 2025 you can gift up to $13.99 million over your lifetime possibly without paying federal gift or estate taxes?


When it comes to gifting, most of the conversation tends to focus on the annual gift tax exclusion, which for 2025 is $19,000 per recipient. This means you can give up to $19,000 to as many people as you’d like this year without having to report it to the IRS and without it counting against your lifetime exemption limit of $13.99 million.


But here’s what many people don’t realize: even if you exceed that $19,000 limit, you still likely won’t owe any gift tax. Instead, you simply file IRS Form 709, and the amount above $19,000 gets applied against your lifetime exemption of $13.99 million. In other words, for most families,

gift taxes are rarely an issue.


While nobody enjoys filling out extra forms, the minor inconvenience of reporting the gift pales in comparison to the joy of seeing your generosity make a real difference—whether that’s helping a child with a down payment on a home, paying off student debt, or minimizing a potential future

estate tax bill.

Why Gifting Matters

Gifting isn’t just about tax planning—it’s about making an impact with your wealth while you’re here to see it. A thoughtful gifting strategy can:

  • Transfer wealth across generations in a meaningful way.
  • Reduce the size of your taxable estate, which can help minimize federal and state estate taxes.
  • Provide support when it’s most needed, instead of waiting until an inheritance.

While there is no estate tax in Colorado or New Jersey, Massachusetts taxes estates valued at more than $2 million. Strategic gifting during your lifetime can help reduce the size of your taxable estate, potentially lowering the tax burden upon your death leaving more to your heirs.

Taxes on assets greater than $2 million range from 7.2% to 16%. Depending on the size of the estate, that could be hundreds of thousands of dollars in tax liability. Estate planning that includes a consistent gifting strategy can be a great way to help mitigate the impact of estate

tax.


Putting Gifting in Context

Gifting should never come at the expense of your own financial security. The top priority of any financial planner or estate attorney should be to first, and foremost care, for the client. The most effective gifting strategies are those that fit into your overall financial plan—taking into account your retirement needs, estate planning goals, and overall tax picture.

It is for this reason that working with a financial advisor and a tax professional is critical before your part way with your hard-earned savings. Together, we can help you structure your gifting in a way that maximizes benefits for your loved ones while protecting your long-term

financial health. Another important consideration is about timing of gifts, as people are living longer and longer, it may mean bequests occur when many grown children are themselves in or approaching retirement. It’s not to say we want to get people off the hook for their own personal

responsibilities, but that family philanthropy may have made a bigger impact if gifts were made earlier in life allowing loved ones to save, invest or pay down debts.

Here are a list of states and their respective estate or inheritance taxes.


States with an Estate Tax

(Levied on the estate before distributions to heirs)

  • Connecticut –Exemption: $13.99M; Top Rate: 12%
  • District of Columbia – Exemption: ~$4.873M; Rates: 11.2%–16%
  • Hawaii – Exemption: $5.49M; rates 10–20%.
  • Illinois – Exemption: $4M; rates 0.8–16%.
  • Maine – Exemption: $7.0M; Rates: 8%–12%
  • Maryland – Exemption: $5M; rates up to 16%.
  • Massachusetts – Exemption: $2M; rates ~7.2–16% (applies only to amounts over $2M since 2023 law change).
  • Minnesota – Exemption: $3M; rates 13–16%.
  • New York – Exemption: $7.16MM; rates up to 16% (cliff rule: if estate > 105% of exemption, the whole estate is taxable).
  • Oregon – Exemption: $1M (lowest in the nation); rates 10–16%. (cliff rule: entire estate taxed if above $1M).
  • Rhode Island – Exemption: $1.802M; rates up to 16%.
  • Vermont – Exemption: $5M; flat 16%.
  • Washington – Exemption: $2.193M; rates 10–35%


States with an Inheritance Tax

(Levied on the beneficiaries, based on their relationship to the decedent)

  • Iowa – Phased out: last tax year was 2024 (fully repealed starting Jan. 1, 2025).
  • Kentucky – Taxable depending on heir’s relationship (spouses, parents, children exempt; others taxed up to 16%).
  • Maryland – (Unique: has both estate and inheritance tax). Inheritance tax up to 10%, but spouses, children, parents, siblings, and lineal heirs are exempt.
  • Nebraska – Counties administer it; rates up to 15% for distant heirs (exemptions vary).
  • New Jersey – Rates up to 16% for non-lineal heirs (spouses, parents, children exempt).
  • Pennsylvania – Rates 0–15%, depending on relationship (spouses exempt, children taxed at 4.5%, siblings 12%, others 15%).


Gifting to Charities

There are also many benefits to making a gift or donation to charity that differ from gifting to individuals.

Tax Efficiency:

  • Offsetting High-Income Years: Strategic charitable gifts can help reduce your tax burden in years with unusually high income (for example, after selling a business or realizing large capital gains).
  • Unlimited Deduction: Unlike gifts to individuals, there’s no cap on charitable bequests—meaning amounts left to charity are fully deductible for estate tax purposes.

Putting Your Money Where Your Values Are:

  • Positive Impact During Your Lifetime: Unlike a bequest, charitable gifts during your lifetime let you see the difference your generosity makes.
  • Legacy Planning: Charitable giving is a meaningful way to pass on values to the next generation, creating a family culture of philanthropy.


In Summary

Gifting is about more than tax rules. It’s a way to share your wealth, create memories, and support the people you care about most, all while making smart choices for your estate. At Breakwater Capital Group, we are focused on helping our clients achieve their goals, whether they be financially or philanthropically focused.



The views expressed represent the opinions of Breakwater Capital Group as of the date noted and are subject to change. These views are not intended as a forecast, a guarantee of future results, investment recommendation, or an offer to buy or sell any securities. The information provided is of a general nature and should not be construed as investment advice or to provide any investment, tax, financial or legal advice or service to any person. The information contained has been compiled from sources deemed reliable, yet accuracy is not guaranteed. Additional information, including management fees and expenses, is provided on our Form ADV Part 2 available upon request or at the SEC’s Investment Adviser Public Disclosure website, www.adviserinfo.sec.gov. Past performance is not a guarantee of future results.

Breakwater Team

At Breakwater Capital, we work with families across the United States, providing each client with a personalized experience tailored to their current circumstances, future goals, and timelines.

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